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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 4:02 am
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Results for institutional care
4 results foundAuthor: Munro, Eileen Title: Hear no evil, see no evil: Understanding failure to identify and report child sexual abuse in institutional contexts Summary: The Royal Commission has developed a comprehensive research program to support its work and to inform its findings and recommendations. The program focuses on eight themes: 1. Why does child sexual abuse occur in institutions? 2. How can child sexual abuse in institutions be prevented? 3. How can child sexual abuse be better identified? 4. How should institutions respond where child sexual abuse has occurred? 5. How should government and statutory authorities respond? 6. What are the treatment and support needs of victims/survivors and their families? 7. What is the history of particular institutions of interest? 8. How do we ensure the Royal Commission has a positive impact? This research report falls within theme three. The case studies examined in this report explore many of the organisational factors that influence how well children are protected: the recruitment process, training in recognising and responding to indications of abuse, and formal policies about what people should do both to prevent and react to abuse. Our study highlighted less tangible but equally influential aspects of organisations that were also evident in the case studies, including: Local rationality: People do what they think is right or sensible at a given time, and inquiries such as this need to find out what local rationalities may have influenced their actions. Organisational culture: This is partly created by the explicit strategies and messages of senior managers but is also strongly influenced by covert messages that are transmitted throughout organisations, influencing individual behaviour. These can significantly affect the rigour with which policies and procedures are implemented. Balancing risks: Policies and actions that protect children can also create dangers. Workers who are fearful of being wrongly suspected of abuse may keep their distance from children and not provide the nurturing, healthy relationships that children need to have with adults. Organisations have to reach some conclusion as to what level of concern should be reported. Making it compulsory to report even a low level of concern will identify more cases of abuse but at the cost of including numerous non-abusive cases. Efforts therefore need to be made to create a culture that understands the ambiguity of the behaviour so that innocent people's reputations are not tainted by false reports. Details: Sydney: Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, 2015. 40p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 3, 2015 at: https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/getattachment/620678bb-6c9d-45da-94c3-63c4b40e648f/Hear-no-evil,-see-no-evil Year: 2015 Country: Australia URL: https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/getattachment/620678bb-6c9d-45da-94c3-63c4b40e648f/Hear-no-evil,-see-no-evil Shelf Number: 137192 Keywords: Child MaltreatmentChild ProtectionChild Sexual AbuseCorrections-Based Sexual AbuseInstitutional CareSex Offenders |
Author: Freiberg, Arie Title: Sentencing for Child Sexual Abuse in Institutional Contexts Summary: This report examines sentencing law and practice in Australia in relation to child sexual abuse committed in an institutional context. It covers the principles of sentencing, sentencing standards and the range of non-sentencing statutory measures available to detain offenders in custody, as well as restrictions and monitoring of their movement. It also considers organisational responsibility for CSA and the sanctions that may be imposed upon institutions. Details: Sydney: Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, 2015. 296p. Source: Internet Resource: Monash University Faculty of Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2015/10 : Accessed March 26, 2016 at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2633223 Year: 2015 Country: Australia URL: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2633223 Shelf Number: 138427 Keywords: Child Sexual AbuseCorrections-Based Sexual AbuseInstitutional AbuseInstitutional CareSentencingSex Offenders |
Author: O'Leary, Patrick Title: Grooming and child sexual abuse in institutional contexts Summary: Recent efforts to clarify definitions of grooming in research reflect an increased awareness of the diverse range of settings in which grooming may occur, as well as the diverse range of targets and purposes of grooming techniques. Grooming can be defined as: The use of a variety of manipulative and controlling techniques; with a vulnerable subject; in a range of inter-personal and social settings; in order to establish trust or normalise sexually harmful behaviour; with the overall aim of facilitating exploitation and/or prohibiting exposure. (McAlinden, 2012, p.11) Grooming can involve a range of behaviours that seek to build trust with and increase access to a child, and cement the authority of the perpetrator and/or compliance of a child to perpetrate or continue to perpetrate child sexual abuse. Grooming and related techniques are difficult to identify and define. Grooming includes numerous techniques, many of which are not explicitly sexual or directly abusive in themselves (McAlinden, 2006). Some grooming techniques can co-exist with other regular behaviour or functions within an otherwise normal relationship with a child. Given this, a key difficulty in identifying grooming is that it consists of many discrete acts that, on their own, are not necessarily criminal or abusive (Bennett & O'Donohue, 2014), and is distinguishable only by the perpetrator's motivation to facilitate and/or conceal child sexual abuse. This paper provides an overview of key conceptual issues in the definition and understanding of grooming. It takes a narrative review approach to synthesising key literature, drawing on an understanding of perpetrator modus operandi. It identifies and discusses what is known about grooming, particularly as it relates to institutional child sexual abuse. Details: Sydney: Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, 2017. 34p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 2, 2017 at: https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/getattachment/b8c8cc19-ad65-44f5-951e-3b1705156da2/Grooming-and-child-sexual-abuse-in-institutional-c Year: 2017 Country: Australia URL: https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/getattachment/b8c8cc19-ad65-44f5-951e-3b1705156da2/Grooming-and-child-sexual-abuse-in-institutional-c Shelf Number: 145237 Keywords: Child GroomingChild Sexual AbuseCorrections-Based Sexual AbuseInstitutional AbuseInstitutional Care |
Author: Quadara, Antonia Title: Framework for historical influences on institutional child sexual abuse: 1950-2014 Summary: The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse engaged the Australian Institute of Family Studies (AIFS) to develop a framework to analyse and present information about historical influences on institutional child sexual abuse for the period 1950- 2014. The purpose of the mapping exercise was to create: - a framework for describing how different mechanisms influenced responses to institutional child sexual abuse - summaries of the information contained in the reports1 - 'at a glance' maps of the social norms, policies, laws and practices that shaped responses to institutional child sexual abuse in different eras. It was initially envisaged that all institutions within the Royal Commission's Terms of Reference would be within scope2 , including educational settings, sporting clubs and organisations, and other child-focused institutions. However, it became apparent that over time the nature of institutional settings in which children spent their time became more diffuse: since the 1970s onwards, not only has out-of-home care (OOHC) been deinstitutionalised but children now spend more time than they previously did so in an array of extra-familial care settings such as licensed childcare centres, before- and after-school care, and sporting clubs and organisations, and sports and recreation (Pratt, 2005). Information - scholarly or otherwise - about the historical developments in institutional practices, protocols and workforce capabilities in these organisations' responses to child sexual abuse is also lacking. Where it is accessible, it is often state- or territory-specific. Therefore, I was able to make only limited observations about the institutional cultures and practices in these different settings for the more recent decades. It was ultimately decided in consultation with the Royal Commission that these other institutions were beyond the scope and constraints of the project. Given that the five reports primarily focused on OOHC, it was agreed that the project should similarly limit its focus to OOHC. It is important to note that this project was not intended to be an exhaustive, historically complete reflection of each time period, but, in the first instance, a diagrammatic conceptual representation of different factors that shape responses to disclosures of institutional child sexual abuse and which could then be used to describe relevant influences for each of the decades from 1950 to the current period. It was also not intended to be a review of the extant research literature. The primary sources of information were intended to be the reviews cited above. Where necessary, this has been supplemented with the available Australian literature and relevant international literature. It was anticipated that the framework could be used in the longer term to better understand the historical context of institutional child sexual abuse. As such, it is hoped that the framework is increasingly refined and developed as more information comes to light and is potentially applied to contexts other than OOHC. Details: Sydney: Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, 2017. 44p./ Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 1, 2018 at: https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/sites/default/files/file-list/research_report_-_frameworks_for_historical_influences_on_institutional_child_sexual_abuse_-_causes.pdf Year: 2017 Country: Australia URL: https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/sites/default/files/file-list/research_report_-_frameworks_for_historical_influences_on_institutional_child_sexual_abuse_-_causes.pdf Shelf Number: 148963 Keywords: Child Sexual AbuseCorrections-Based Sexual AbuseInstitutional Care |